Idaho Vegetation and Land Cover Classification System Modified from Redmond et al. (1997) and Homer et al. (1998) 1000 Urban or Developed Land 1000 Urban Description: Towns and cities Extent: North Idaho 1001 High Intensity Urban Description: Towns and cites with populations > 1,000 Extent: South Idaho 1002 Low Intensity Urban Description: Towns and cities with populations < 1,000 Extent: South Idaho 1101 Disturbed, High Description: Large mines, airports, and golf courses that are separated from urban areas Extent: South Idaho 1102 Disturbed, Low Description: Small mines, gravel pits, and airplane landing strips. Extent: South Idaho 2000 Agricultural 2000 Agricultural land Description: Row crops, irrigated pasture and hay fields, dry farm crops and fallow fields Extent: North and South Idaho 3000 Non-Forested Lands 31xx - Grasslands 3101 Foothills Grassland Description: Grass and forb co-dominated dry meadows and ridges associated with species such as sagebrush, cinquefoil, snowberry and willow. Principal Species: Agropyron spp., Needle and Thread Grass, Bluegrasses, Idaho Fescue. Also containing Cinquefoil, Lupine, Arrowleaf Balsamroot Extent: North and South Idaho 3102 Disturbed Grassland Description: Grassland dominated by noxious weeds and other exotic species such as; Cheatgrass, Knapweed, St. Johns-wort, Japanese Brome, Thistle. Greater than 30% exotic cover. Extent: North Idaho 3103 Herbaceous Clearcut Description: Grass or forb dominated recent clearcuts Extent: North and South Idaho 3104 Montane Parklands and Subalpine Meadow Description: Grassland ridges, forest openings and meadows dominated or co-dominated by native perennial montane or subalpine grass species. Bluebunch Wheatgrass, Idaho Fescue, Bluegrasses (Poa spp.), Sedges (Carex spp.), Timothy. May include: yarrow, arnica, arrowleaf balsamroot, fireweed, etc. Extent: North and South Idaho 3105 Wet Meadow Description: Grass and forb co-dominated mountain meadows where soil moisture is abundant North and South the growing season. Principal Species: Reedgrass, sedges (Carex spp.), hairgrass (Deschampsia cespitosa), Timothy, rushes (Juncus spp.), bluegrasses (Poa spp.) Extent: South Idaho 3106 Herbaceous Burn Description: Grass or forb dominated recent burn Extent: South Idaho 3107 Shrub/Steppe Annual Grass-Forb Description: Grasslands dominated or co-dominated by cheatgrass, medusahead, Agropyron spp., Poa spp., Stipa spp. or Idaho Fescue associated with Western and Rocky Mountain Juniper Extent: South Idaho 3109 Perennial Grassland Description: Grassland dominated by seeded crested wheatgrass and other common seeded grass species. Associated with Curlleaf Mountain Mahogany and Juniper Principal Species: Agropyron spp., Cheatgrass, Idaho Fescue, Poa spp., Stipa spp. Extent: South Idaho 3110 Perennial Grass Slope Description: Grasslands dominated or co-dominated by native perennial grass species such as bluebunch wheatgrass, Idaho fescue, junegrass, and mutton bluegrass on foothill and canyon slopes above 15 degrees. Associated with Curlleaf Mountain Mahogany, Juniper and Ponderosa Pine. Extent: South Idaho 32xx – Mesic Shrublands 3201 Mesic Upland Shrubs Description: upland deciduous shrub communities Principal species: Alder, Maple, Bearberry, Hawthorn, Ceanothus, Buffloberry, chokecherry, Prince’s Pine, Huckleberry, Whortleberry, Ocean Spray, Raspberry, Rose, Spiraea Extent: North Idaho 3202 Warm Mesic Shrubs Description: upland shrublands, naturally occurring or initiated by fire or clearcutting. Principal Species: Alder, Serviceberry, Oregon Grape, Snowberry, Ceanothus, ninebark, chokecherry, rose, ceanothus, currant, willow, elderberry, spiraea Extent: North and South Idaho 3203 Cold Mesic Shrubs Description: subalpine shrublands dominated by Salix spp. and Vaccinium spp. Principal Species: Salix spp. and Vaccinium spp., Labrador Tea, Mountain Heath, Alder Extent: North and South Idaho 33xx – Xeric Shrublands 3301 Curlleaf Mountain Mahogany Description: Forest dominated by Mountain Mahogany at canopies greater than 59% Principal Species: Mountain Mahogany, Artemisia spp., Juniper, serviceberry, oregon grape, ceanothus, chokecherry, snowberry Extent: North and South Idaho 3304 Bitterbrush Description: Shrublands dominated by bitterbrush Principal Species: Bitterbrush, mountain mahogany, juniper, sagebrush, chokecherry, snowberry, Idaho fescue, Bluebunch Wheatgrass, Ponderosa Pine, Douglas-fir, Aspen Extent: North and South Idaho 3305 Mountain Big Sagebrush Description: Shrubland dominated by mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata vaseyana) Principal Species: Grand Fir, Subalpine Fir, Mountain Mahogany, Lodgepole Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Douglas-fir, bearberry, Artemisia spp., Ceanothus, ninebark, chokecherry, snowberry, bluebunch wheatgrass Extent: South Idaho 3306 Wyoming Big Sagebrush Description: Shrubland dominated by Artemisia tridentata wyomingensis Extent: North Idaho 3307 Basin & Wyoming Big Sagebrush Description: Shrubland co-dominated by basin big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) and Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata wyomingensis) Principal species: Mountain Mahogany, Juniper, Ponderosa Pine, Atriplex spp., Artemisia spp., snowberry, chokecherry, etc. Extent: South Idaho 3308 Black Sagebrush Steppe Description: Shrublands dominated by Black Sagebrush (Artemisia nova) Principal Species: Black Sagebrush, Three-tip sage (Artemisia tripartita), Sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) Extent: North Idaho 3309 Silver Sage Description: Shrubland principally dominated by silver sage (Artemisia cana) Principal Species: Artemisia spp., Potentilla fruiticosa, currant, snowberry Extent: South Idaho 3310 Salt-desert Shrub Description: Shrubland principally dominated or co-dominated by Artemisia spinescens, Shadcale (Atriplex confertifolia), 4-wing saltbush (Atriplex spinosa) and greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus). Principal Species: Artemisia spp. Extent: South Idaho 3312 Rabbitbrush Description: Shrubland dominated by rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus) or low rabbitbrush (C. viscidiflorus) Principal Species: Artemisia spp., Atriplex, spp., bitterbrush, greasewood Extent: North and South Idaho 3315 Low Sagebrush Description: shrubland principaly dominated by low sagrbrushes (Artemisia arbuscula, A. frigida, A. longiloba, A. nova) Principal Species: Mountain Mahogany, Juniper, Pinyon Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Artemisia spp., Atriplex spp., bitterbrush, snowberry Extent: South Idaho 3316 Mountain Low Sagebrush Description: shrubland dominated by Mountain Low Sagebrush (Artemisia arbuscula) Principal Species: Mountain Mahogany, Whitebark Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Limber Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Douglas-fir, bearberry, Artemisia spp., Ceanothus, ninebark, snowberry, chokecherry Extent: South Idaho 4000 Forest Uplands 41xx – Broadleaf Forest 4101 Aspen Description: Woodland principally dominated by aspen Principal Species: Subalpine fir, Englemann Spruce, Ponderosa Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Douglas-fir, Serviceberry, Artemisia spp., Oregon Grape, Ceanothus, chokecherry Extent: South Idaho 4102 Cottonwood Description: Woodland dominated principally by Black Cottonwood (Populus tricocarpa) and alder Principal species: Black cottonwood, Paper birch, Box elder, red alder Extent: North Idaho 4103 Maple Description: Forest principally dominated by maple (Acer glabrum) Principal Species: Mountain Mahogany, Juniper, Aspen, Douglas-fir, Serviceberry, Artemisia spp., Oregon grape, ceanothus, chokecherry, bitterbrush, currant, rose, snowberry Extent: South Idaho 42xx – Needleleaf Forest 4201 Englemann Spruce Description: Conier forest dominated by Englemann Spruce Principal Species: subalpine fir, grand fir, lodgepole pine, whitebark pine, aspen, douglas-fir, serviceberry, maple, currant, huckleberry Extent: North and South Idaho 4202 Lodgepole Pine Description: Coniferous woodland principally dominated by lodgepole pine Principal Species: subalpine fir, Englemann spruce, whitebark pine, aspen, douglas-fir, Artemisia spp., currant, Vaccinium spp. Extent: North and South Idaho 4205 Limber Pine Description: Conifer forest principally dominated by Limber Pine Principal Species: maple, Artemisia spp. juniper, spiraea, bluebunch wheatgrass, cheatgrass, Idaho fescue, arrowleaf balsamroot Extent: North Idaho 4206 Ponderosa Pine Description: Conifer forest dominated by Ponderosa Pine Principal Species: Juniper, lodgepole pine, Douglas-fir, bearberry, currant, Rosa spp., snowberry Extent: North and South Idaho 4207 Grand Fir Description: Conifer forest dominated by grand fir Principal Species: Douglas-fir, western red cedar, western hemlock, mountain larch, ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, serviceberry, Oregon grape, ninebark, snowberry, choke cherry, spiraea, huckleberry, maple Extent: North and South Idaho 4208 Subalpine Fir Description: Conifer woodland principally dominated by subalpine fir Principal species: Englemann spruce, whitebark pine, limber pine, Douglas-fir, western white pine, mountain hemlock, alder, mountain heath, juniper, Artemisia spp., snowberry, Vaccinium spp. Extent: North and South Idaho 4210 Western Red Cedar Description: Conifer forest dominated by western red cedar Principal Species: grand fir, western white pine, Douglas-fir, maple, twin flower, thimbleberry, pacific blackberry, snowberry Extent: North Idaho 4211 Western Hemlock Description: Conifer forest dominated by western hemlock Principal Species: grand fir, Dougls-fir, western red cedar, maple, sitka alder, Utah honeysuckle, huckleberry Extent: North Idaho 4212 Douglas-fir Description: Conifer forest dominated by Douglas-fir Principal Species: grand fir, lodgepole pine, ponderosa pine, Englemann spruce, limber pine, sbalpine fir, aspen, serviceberry, Artemisia spp., ninebark, snowberry, chokecherry, Oregon grape, spiraea Extent: North and South Idaho 4215 Western Larch Description: Conifer forest dominated by western larch Principal Species: grand fir, lodgepole pine, ponderosa pine, maple, bearberry, twin flower, ninebark, thimbleberry, huckleberry Extent: North Idaho 4216 Douglas-fir/Limber Pine Description: Conifer forest principally co-dominated by Douglas-fir and limber pine Principal Species: subalpine fir, mountain hemlock, Englemann spruce, lodgepole pine, aspen, serviceberry, nineberk, chokecherry, bitterbrush, snowberry Extent: South Idaho 4217 Subalpine Pine Description: Conifer forest dominated either by whitebark pine or limber pine Principal species: Subalpine fir, Englemann spruce, lodgepole pine, Douglas-fir, serviceberry, juniper, sagebrush, currant, snowberry, huckleberry Extent: North and South Idaho 4218 Subalpine fir/Whitebark Pine Description: Conifer woodland principally dominated by subalpine fir and whitebark pine Principal Species: Englemann spruce, limber pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas-fir, Artemisia tridentata, snowberry, huckleberry Extent: South Idaho 4219 Mixed Whitebark Pine Forest Description: Conifer forest dominated by whitebark pine, codominant species is alpine larch Principal Species: subalpine fir, Englemann spruce, lodgepole pine, common juniper, mountain heath, dwarf huckleberry, whortleberry Extent: Nrorth Idaho 4220 Mixed Subalpine Forest Description: Conifer forest dominated by subalpine fir with Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, and Englemann spruce as a significant component Principal species: whitebark pine, aspen, limber pine, sitka alder, Utah honeysuckle, menziesia, huckleberry, snowberry, Artemisia tridentata, serviceberry Extent: North and South Idaho 4221 Mixed Mesic Forest Description: Conifer forest dominated by western red cedar, grand fir, western larch and western hemlock Principal Species: subalpine fir, western white pine, Douglas-fir, maple, prince’s pine, twin flower, thimbleberry, huckleberry Extent: North Idaho 4222 Mixed Xeric Forest Description: Conifer forest dominated by ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir Principal Species: Lodgepole Pine, Black Cottonwood, serviceberry, Oregon grape, ninebark, chokecherry, currant, willow, spiraea Extent: North and South Idaho 4223 Douglas-fir/Lodgepole Pine Description: Conifer forest co-dominated by Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine Principal Species: grand fir, western white pine, western larch, subalpine fir, lodgepole pine, aspen, serciveberry, Oregon grape, syringa, ninebark, spiraea, snowberry, chokecherry, huckleberry Extent: North and South Idaho 4224 Standing Burnt or Dead Timber Extent: North Idaho 4225 Douglas-fir/Grand Fir Description: Conifer forest co-dominated by Douglas-fir and grand fir Principal Species: western larch, western white pine, western red cedar, Englemann spruce, ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, subalpine fir, serviceberry, ninebark, Oregon grape, syringa, spiraea, chokecherry, snowberry, huckleberry, thimbleberry, ocean spray Extent: North and South Idaho 4226 Western Red Cedar/Grand Fir Forest Description: Conifer forest co-dominated by western red cedar and grand fir Principal Species: western larch, Douglas-fir, western hemlock, maple, twin flower, ninebark, thimbleberry, huckleberry Extent: North Idaho 4227 Western Red Cedar/Western Hemlock Description: Conifer forest dominated by western red cedar and western hemlock Principal Species: grand fir, western white pine, Douglas-fir, maple, prince’s pine, twin flower, sticky currant, big huckleberry Extent: North Idaho 4228 Western Larch/Lodgepole Pine Description: Conifer forest dominated by western larch and lodgepole pine Principal Species: grand fir, subalpine fir, Douglas-fir, sitka alder, bearberry, twin flower, mountain ash, spiraea, huckleberry Extent: North Idaho 4229 Western Larch/Douglas-fir Description: Conifer forest dominated by western larch and Douglas-fir Principal Species: grand fir, lodgepole pine, ponderosa pine, maple, bearberry, Oregon grape, twin flower, spiraea, snowberry, huckleberry Extent: North Idaho 4230 Utah Juniper Description: Conifer forest principally dominated by Utah juniper Principal Species: Mountain mahogany, pinyon pine, serviceberry, Artemisia spp., bitterbrush, chokecherry, snowberry Extent: South Idaho 4231 Western Juniper Description: Conifer forest dominated principally by western juniper Principal Species: mountain mahogany, serviceberry, Artemisia spp., bitterbrush, snowberry Extent: South Idaho 4232 Pinyon Pine/Juniper Description: Conifer forest principally dominated by singleleaf pinyon pine and Utah juniper Principal Species: mountain mahogany, serviceberry, Artemisia spp., bitterbrush, chokecherry, snowberry Extent: South Idaho 43xx – Mixed Needleleaf/Broadleaf Forest 4301 Mixed Needleleaf/Broadleaf Forest Description: Forest principally dominated by aspen and Douglas-fir, subalpine fir, lodgepole pine Principal Species: Englemann Spruce, Ponderosa Pine, serviceberry, Artemisia spp., Oregon grape, ceanothus, chokecherry, rose, snowberry, bitterbrush, red-osier dogwood, willow, spiraea Extent: North and South Idaho 5000 Water 6000 Riparian and Wetland Areas 61xx – Forested Riparian 6101 Needleleaf Dominated Riparian Description: A mixed riparian class dominated by conifer species and shrubs Principal Species: Douglas-fir, Western Red Cedar, Englemann Spruce, Subalpine fir, Maple, Lodgepole Pine, Aspen, Cottonwood Extent: North and South Idaho 6102 Broadleaf Dominated Riparian Description: Riparian forests dominated or co-dominated by black cottonwood and narrowleaf cottonwood Principal Species: Aspen, Green Ash, Box Elder, Maple, Ader, Paper Birch, chokecherry, willow Extent: North and South Idaho 6103 Needleleaf/Broadleaf Dominated Riparian Description: Riparian forests co-dominated by broadleaf (> 25% and < 66% cover) and conifer (> 25% and < 66%) species Extent: North Idaho 6104 Mixed Riparian (Forest and Non-forest) Description: Riparian areas co-dominated by forest and non-forest Extent: North Idaho 62xx – Non-forested Riparian 6201 Graminoid or Forb Dominated Riparian Description: Herbaceous riparian consists of various sedge, rush and forb species Principal Species: Carex spp., Juncas spp., Festuca spp., Poa spp., tufted hairgrass, common reed, cattail Extent: North and South Idaho 6202 Shrub Dominated Riparian Description: Shrub riparian is dominated by Salix spp. Principal Species: Twinberry, Utah Honeysuckle, Black Hawthorne, Red-osier dogwood, Sitka Alder, Rose, Currant, thimbleberry,buffaloberry, maple, chokecherry Extent: North and South Idaho 6203 Mixed Non-forest Riparian Description: Riparian areas co-dominated by shrubs and graminoid/forbs Extent: North Idaho 63xx Wetlands 6301 Deep Marsh Description: Marsh permanently flooded, dominated or co-dominated by bulrush (Scirpus spp.) and cattail (Typha spp.) Extent: South Idaho 6302 Shallow Marsh Description: Marsh semi-permanently flooded, dominated or co-dominated by bulrush, cattail, spikerush (Eleocharis spp.) baltic rush (Juncus balticus var. montanus) and sedges Extent: South Idaho 6303 Aquatic Bed Description: Aquatic beds dominated or co-dominated by pondweed (Potamogeton spp.), duckweed (Lemna spp.), and water smartweed (Polygonum amphibium var. emersum) Extent: South Idaho 6304 Mud Flat Description: Mud and Saline flats seasonally flooded with less than 5% vegetative cover that are adjacent to wetlands. Extent: South Idaho 7000 Barren Land 7201 Sand Dune Description: sand dunes with less than 5% vegetative cover Extent: South Idaho 7202 Vegetated Sand Dune Description: sand dunes with greater than 5% vegetative cover 7300 Exposed Rock Description: Exposed rock, rock outcrops, talus or scree slopes with less than 5% vegetative cover Extent: North and South Idaho 7301 Lava Description: Lava rock with less than 5% vegetative cover Extent: South Idaho 7302 Vegetated Lava Description: Lava with greater than 5% total vegetative cover, with plants occurring as islands or pockets in the lava flow Extent: South Idaho 7800 Mixed Barren Land Description: Barren land and exposed soil with less than 5% total vegetative cover Extent: North and South Idaho 7900 Shoreline and Stream Gravel Bars Extent: North Idaho 8000 Alpine Meadow 8100 Alpine Meadow Description: Alpine vegetation consisting of a combination of forbs, grasses and sedges Principal Species: Antennaria rosea, Arenaria congesta, Astragalus spp., Erigeron spp., Geum spp., Lupinus argenteus, Phlox spp., Saxifraga spp., Trifolium spp., Artemisia spp., Salix spp., Vaccinium spp., Englemann Spruce, whitebark pine, limber pine Extent: North and South Idaho 9000 Snow, Ice, Cloud or Cloud Shadow 9100 Perennial Ice or Snow Extent: North and South Idaho Page 1 of 1 Idaho Gap Analysis 08/25/98 Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit